The automated material administration is a part of computer integrated construction (CIC). It involves automated material identification system and the automate
An as-built drawing is defined as a drawing created and submitted by a contractor after completing the undertaking. Due to some specific inevitable issues arisi
Artificial Island is an artificially man-made structure that has not formed naturally. This type of islands can be constructed anywhere, any size and shape and
The following are the words often used by Architects in their works and drawings. Understanding of these words is essential for construction professionals.
The
Architects in construction plays an important role and they are responsible for visual appearance of the buildings and structures before final structural design
Approximate estimate, also known as preliminary or rough estimate, helps to find out the approximate cost of a project in a very short time. in addition, it ena
Anchors in masonry structures are commonly used to attach different structural and nonstructural masonry components. Types, installation, anchorage length and i
In order to determine the rate of a particular item, the factors affecting the rate of that item are studied carefully and then finally a rate is decided for th
Analysis of rates for construction works is the procedure of separation of works into components/elements (Viz. Labour, substances, machinery,transport, overhea
Aluminium is used as a construction material in different forms for both residential as well as industrial applications. Various engineering properties of alumi
