Building Material

Alkali-activated concrete (AAC) is defined as a class of cement-free concrete that is an alternative to Portland cement concrete (PCC). In AAC, the cement is entirely replaced by an alternative bin

Air-entrained portland cement is a special cement which has air bubbles introduced in the cement or concrete that provides the space for expansion of minute droplets of waters in the concrete due t

Measurement of Air Content in Concrete Air content of concrete is measured by the pressure air measurement method which is based on the principles of The Boyle’s law. The Boyle’s law st

Autoclaved Aerated Concrete: Properties, Benefits, and Considerations for Residential Construction Autoclaved aerated concrete is a lightweight, precast building material that has been used in Europe and other parts of the world for decades but has only recently gained attention in the North American residential construction market. AAC is a unique building product that combines the

Moisture intrusion is one of the most persistent and costly challenges in building construction, affecting everything from indoor air quality and occupant comfort to structural integrity and long-term durability. Water can find its way into a wall assembly through multiple pathways, including wind-driven rain, vapor diffusion, capillary action, and air leakage. A properly designed and

Spray polyurethane foam has become the go-to insulation solution for unvented cathedral ceilings, offering superior air sealing and high R-values in a thin profile. However, the choice between open-cell and closed-cell foam has significant implications for moisture management, cost, and long-term durability. This educational article examines the differences between these two foam types, their appropriate

Why Underslab Insulation Matters Underslab insulation is one of the most effective investments in building energy performance, yet it remains underutilized in many residential and agricultural construction projects. A concrete slab in direct contact with the ground acts as a massive thermal bridge, conducting heat from the building interior into the earth below. In heated

Choosing the right roofing material for a carport or pergola involves balancing cost, durability, appearance, and maintenance requirements. Metal and plastic roofing panels are the two most popular options, each offering distinct advantages depending on your climate, budget, and aesthetic preferences. Factors such as tree cover, sun exposure, snow loads, and local weather patterns all

Understanding the Flash and Batt Approach Flash and batt is an insulation strategy that combines spray polyurethane foam with traditional fiberglass or mineral wool batt insulation in a single assembly. The technique involves applying a layer of closed-cell spray foam directly against the roof deck, then filling the remaining cavity depth with batt insulation. This

Installing exterior foam sheathing is an effective way to improve wall insulation and reduce thermal bridging through wood framing. However, proper installation requires careful attention to thickness requirements, vapor barrier placement, and housewrap integration. When installed correctly, foam sheathing can protect walls from moisture problems and significantly improve energy performance. When installed incorrectly, it can