construction instruments list for construction construction works such as concrete, brick masonry, leveling, wood works, floor works, slab works, brick laying, plastering etc. is provided. Every construction instrument is necessary to achieve good results in the whole project.
Along with these tools, the workers should also use some safety tools to prevent them from the unexpected accidents.
Some important construction instruments and their uses are listed below:
Bolster is like chisel but it is used to cut bricks. It is useful for accurate cutting of bricks. Its cutting edge is wider than the width of brick.
They are used to level the excavated trench throughout its length. Boning rods are made of wood and they are T shape. Minimum three boning rods are used to level the trench surface.
Brick hammer is used to cut the bricks and also used to push the bricks if they come out of the course line.
Bump cutter is used to level the concrete surfaces like concrete floors, foundations etc. It is also called screed.
Chain lewis and pin lewis are two different tools which are used to lift heavy stones especially in the construction of stone masonry.
Chisel is generally used in wood work and this must be useful to remove the concrete bumps or excess concrete in hardened surface.
Circular saw used to cut the wood boards, frames etc. It is safer than hand saw. It is used when accurate cutting is needed in less time.
Concrete mixer is machine which mixes the ingredients water, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and cement to deliver the perfectly mixed concrete.
Also Read: Different Types of Concrete Mixer or Concrete Mixing Machines
Crowbar is used for digging the ground and to remove the roots of trees in the ground, nails etc.
Digging bar is solid metal rod with pin shape at the bottom. It is also used to dig the hard surfaces of ground.
Drill machine is used to make holes in the walls, slabs, doors, window frames etc.
Their use is similar to the line and pins. But instead of pins, L shaped frames are used at the end of thread which hold the brick work effectively and level the alignment accurately.
Float is made of wood which is used to smoothen the plastered concrete surface. It contains handle on its top and smooth wooden surface on its bottom.
Gloves are required to prevent the hands from direct contact with cement, paints etc. and to avoid injury while using machines, instruments etc.
Hand saw is used to cut the wood materials like doors, windows, slab panels etc.
Head pan is made of iron which is used to lift the excavated soil or cement or concrete to the working site etc. it is more often used in construction sites.
Hoe is also used to excavate the soil but in this case the metal plate is offered with acute angle to the wooden handle.
Jack plane is used in the wood work to smoothen the surface of doors and windows etc.
Ladder is also needed in construction works. To check slab work, to transport substance to the higher floors, to paint the walls etc.
Line and pins consists a thread whose ends are connected with two solid metal rods with pin points. It is used to level the alignment of brick course while brick laying.
Mason’s square is used to achieve perfect right angle at the corner of masonry wall. It is “L” shape. First course is laid properly using Mason’s square then based on the first, remaining layers of bricks are set out.
It is of fixed dimensions so, aggregate need not to be weighted for every time. The general dimensions of a measuring box are 300mm X 300mm X 400mm (length x width x depth). Measuring box is used to measure the quantity of sand and aggregate used for making concrete.
The volume of measuring box is generally 1 Cubic Feet, which makes it easy to measure concrete ratio or mortar ratio.
Also Read: Concrete Calculator – Calculate Concrete for Slab, Beam, Column and Footings
Measuring tape is used to check the thickness, length, widths of masonry walls, foundation beds, excavated trenches etc.
Measuring wheel is used to measure the distances or lengths. It makes the work easier. It contains a wheel of known diameter, which record the no.of complete revolutions from which the distance can be measured.
Pick axe is used to excavate the soil. It is more suitable for hard soil which is quite difficult to dig with spade or hoe.
Plumb bob is used to check the verticality of structures. It contains a solid metal bob connected to the end of a thread. It is also used inn surveying to level the instrument position.
It contains a straight wood board with uniform edges. Plumb rule is used to check the vertical line of wall whether it is perfect vertical or not. When the rule is placed vertically with the wall the plumb bob should be in the groove line otherwise the wall will not be vertical. On its center a groove is offered in which plumb bob is situated.
Polisher is used to smoothen the surface of tiles, wood works etc. The smoothening makes them shine and the process is called polishing.
Putty knife is used level the putty finishing and also used to reduce the thickness of finish when it is more thick.
After the excavation of ground, the lower surface may be uneven. It contains big square shaped block at its end with which the ground is leveled. To level the surface earth rammer is used.
During construction works, legs may damage due to contact with chemical materials like cement or physical accidents. So, for protection rubber shoes are needed.
To prevent the eyes from dust, chemical actions of substances etc. safety glasses must be maintained.
Any substance or structure may fall from height during building work. So, to protect the head from injury or any fatal accident, this protection helmet must be used. The protection helmet must be necessary in building works.
The sand screen machine is used to screen the sand or fine aggregate before mixing it with concrete. The fine aggregate used in concrete must not contain impurities or coarse particles. This screen is also used for screening fine sand for plastering work.
Minimum 2 coats are necessary for plastering. Plastering of a surface is carried out layer wise. To provide the good bond between the coats, bottom layer is scratched with a tool called scratchers.
Sledge hammer is used when the ground is hard and contains rock layers. A large weighted metal head is offered at the wooden handle with which hard layers can be cracked, which makes easy for digging.
Spade is used to dig the soil for foundation trenches etc. It contains metal plate at the end of long wooden handle.
The bubble tube is filled with alcohol partially. So, the air bubble is formed in it. Spirit level is made of wood or hard plastic with bubble tube in the middle.
The spirit level is placed on surface and bubble is checked. The surface is leveled when the bubble in the tube settles at middle of tube. Spirit level is used in brick masonry to check the level of the surface.
Straight edge brushes are used to offer finishing to the plastered surface especially at corners and edges of walls.
Tile cutter is used to cut the tiles. Sometimes, normal tile size is larger than needed at the corners where floor meets the wall in that case tile cutter is useful.
Trowel is used to lift and apply the cement mortar in small quantities. It is made of steel and wooden handle is provided for holding. The ends of trowel may be pointed or bull nosed.
Vibrator is used to compact the concrete by this the air gaps are filled with water and workability varies without adding water to it.
Also Read: Types of Vibrators for Concrete Compaction
Wedge is a small hard metal blade which is used to cut the rock surfaces with the help of sledge hammer.
Wheel barrow is used to transport bulk weights of materials like cement, sand, concrete mix etc. it contains one or two wheels at its front and two handles at its back which are used to push the wheel barrow.
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