1. Introduction to Jointers in Masonry Construction
In masonry construction, a jointer is an essential tool used to finish mortar joints, often taking the form of a striking iron or tool. Jointers help in the final touches of vertical or horizontal mortar joints, serving both functional and aesthetic purposes. Properly tooled joints provide waterproofing and add an attractive finish to the masonry work. Jointers come in different shapes and types, selected according to the architectural specifications and joint type. For example, concave joints are achieved using convex jointers, while V-joints require a V-jointer. The choice of jointer ultimately influences the final appearance and integrity of the masonry structure.
2. Types of Jointers in Masonry Construction
There are several types of jointers used in masonry, each suited to a specific joint type. This classification ensures that the appropriate jointer is used based on the desired joint finish and project design requirements. Common jointer types include the convex jointer, V-jointer, grapevine jointer, rake out jointer, and slicker.
3. Convex Jointer
Description and Usage
The convex jointer, widely used in masonry construction globally, is a long, rounded steel tool that creates concave or round joints. These tools come in various sizes and are available in pocket or longer lengths, depending on the project’s needs. The rounded indentation formed by the convex jointer gives the mortar joint a smooth and curved finish, known as a concave joint.
Types of Convex Jointers
The “Hubbard Convex Sled Runner” is a notable variety, distinguished by its solid, rounded striking edge. This type is available in different widths to accommodate various joint thicknesses.
Application and Benefits
Convex jointers are used to form mortar joints of varying thickness, providing flexibility to meet diverse construction requirements. The concave joint produced is not only visually pleasing but also contributes to the joint’s durability.
Figures and Examples
Convex jointers are available in both long and short forms, allowing masons to choose based on handling preferences. An illustration would typically show the long and short versions of the convex jointer, along with an example of a concave joint.
4. V-Jointer
Description and Usage
The V-jointer is crafted from angled steel with a V-shaped design that allows for the creation of V-grooved mortar joints. By moving the tool along the mortar, masons achieve a distinct V-groove, enhancing both the structure’s look and functionality.
Application in Masonry
Masons use the V-jointer for both short and long joints, depending on the project’s specifications. Although a straight wooden piece can also be used to create a similar groove, a dedicated V-jointer ensures a cleaner and more precise result.
Figures and Examples
Illustrations of a V-joint and the corresponding V-jointer tool help to demonstrate how this tool creates a unique, angular finish on the joint surface.
5. Grapevine Jointer
Description and Historical Significance
The grapevine jointer, characterized by a central raised bead, is a specialized tool used to create an ornamental line on mortar joints. This tool has a rich history in American masonry, particularly in traditional designs, giving structures a textured, vintage look.
Aesthetic Benefits
The grapevine jointer adds a distinct, rough texture to the joint surface, creating a pleasing aesthetic effect that enhances the masonry’s visual appeal. It is typically only available in a short-handled size, given its delicate design.
Figures and Examples
Images would illustrate a grapevine jointer and a close-up of the textured line it produces, showcasing the unique decorative effect this tool provides.
6. Rake Out Jointer
Description and Functionality
A rake out jointer features a nail that projects outward from a wooden piece, which, when dragged along the mortar joint, creates a “raked joint.” The simplicity of this design allows for quick adjustments and ease of use in creating joints with a recessed appearance.
Adjustability and Modern Developments
Modern rake out jointers come equipped with adjustable screws, allowing masons to control the depth of the raked joint. Some newer versions even have wheels, offering greater accuracy and a straighter, neater finish.
Figures and Examples
Illustrations could show a rake out jointer in use, forming a raked joint in brick masonry, alongside a modern wheel-equipped variant.
7. Slicker
Description and Primary Function
The slicker is a flat-edged steel tool designed to create flush, or flat, joints, ideal for applications requiring a smooth, even surface. It is particularly suited to smooth mortar, providing a uniform finish that complements the masonry’s overall appearance.
Application in Masonry
The slicker is commonly used in tight spaces or corners, where its small, maneuverable design allows for precise work. This tool is ideal for flat joints in brick masonry but may be less effective in stone and paving applications.
Limitations
While effective on smooth surfaces, slickers are generally unsuitable for stone or irregular masonry due to their flat, unyielding design.
Figures and Examples
Examples of flush joints created by a slicker would highlight its effectiveness, and images of the slicker tool itself, showing various sizes, demonstrate its versatility.
Conclusion
In conclusion, jointers play a critical role in masonry construction, providing both functional benefits and aesthetic value. Each type of jointer serves a specific purpose, from the versatile convex jointer to the decorative grapevine jointer. Selecting the appropriate jointer ensures the quality, durability, and beauty of masonry work, making jointers indispensable tools in the hands of skilled masons. As innovations continue in masonry tools, jointers evolve to offer even greater precision and ease of use, ensuring masonry construction continues to meet high standards in both appearance and performance.
This article provides a comprehensive look at different jointers in masonry construction, detailing each tool’s function, benefits, and applications.