Practical Guide

Epoxy Coating of Steel Reinforcement It is important to use epoxy coated rebar to protect steel from corrosion. Using certain types of epoxies yielded positive results, especially in steel exposed

As per IS 456, an environmental exposure is divided into five parts, i.e. mild, moderate, severe, very severe and extreme. Structures constructed in different conditions have different effects and

Elongation index of an aggregate is the percentage by weight of particles whose greatest dimension (length) is greater than one and four-fifth times (1.8 times or 9/5 times) their mean dimension. I

Electrochemical chloride extraction (ECE) is a method of concrete treatment to prevent future corrosion of steel. The electrochemical chloride extraction is a treatment process where chloride ions

The electric arc welding process uses an electric arc to generate heat to melt the parent material and the filler material (electrode) to form a molten weld pool in the joint. The electric arc weld

Efflorescence is white powdery material formed on concrete floor surface when soluble salts migrate to the surface of concrete. It is produced due to low temperatures, moist conditions, condensatio

The construction industry makes a profit or loss based on the visibility of the works performed on the job site. In this sense, one should have the ability to get a clear and complete view of the p

Ductility of bitumen is its property to elongate under traffic load without getting cracked in road construction works. Ductility test on bitumen measures the distance in centimeters to which it el

Water displacement test method is used to determine the dry density of soil. It is suitable for evaluating in-place dry density of cohesive soil due to the nature of specimen required. The soil sam

Timber piles are used extensively for compaction of soils and for supporting and protecting waterfront structures. The choice of use of timber piles is mainly governed by the site conditions, parti