Structural engineering

Design of Raft Foundations – Methods and Calculations
According to IS – 2950:1965, the design criteria of raft footings are given below:
The maximum diffe

Various methods have been developed to drive piles over water. Piles are used as a foundation for various marine structures such as wharves and jetties. These p

The suction in soil mass can be measured mainly by three methods namely Tensiometer method, Suction Plate method and Centrifuge Method. Each method is briefly e

A raft or mat foundation is a large continuous rectangular or circular concrete slab that carries the entire load of the superstructure and spreads it over the

Marston-Spangler theory for analysis of loads on sewer sanitary system pipe is established by Marston and it is applicable for most of the loading conditions th

A wide range of dynamic and static penetrometers are available, with different types being used in different conditions of sub-strata materials. However, the ob

Load tests on piles are conducted on completion of 28 days after casting of piles. Two types of tests namely initial and routine tests, for each type of loading

Lime-Soil stabilization is the process of adding lime to the soil to improve its properties like density, bearing capacity etc. Various factors affecting lime-s

Trail pits are the first option considered for soil investigations regardless of type of soil investigation. So, it is considerably crucial to establish suitabl

Jet grouting is a ground improvement or soil stabilization method. Methods, procedures, applications and advantages of jet grouting is discussed in this article