The U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) provides Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) credentials representing an individual’s proficiency in sustainable design, construction and op
L Box Test on Self Compacting Concrete This test for self compacting concrete is based on a Japanese design for underwater concrete, has been described by Peterson. The test assesses the flow of th
The laying of terrazzo flooring can be carried out by two methods, namely, In-situ laying and precast terrazzo tiles laying. The terrazzo flooring laid using precast terrazzo tiles flooring, its sp
Pipe culvert is a tunnel structure constructed using pipes under roadways or railroads to provide cross drainage or to take electrical or other cables from one side to another. Pipe culvert, box cu
Stoneware pipes are generally preferred over other types of pipes for sewer and drain works as they are much more effective where acid effluents or acid sub-soil conditions are likely to be encount
There are several types of magnetic cover-meter equipment which are used to determine the thickness of reinforcement protector concrete. Commonly, these devices fall into nondestructive tests. Micr
Longitudinal skin reinforcement is deformed bars, wires, or bonded prestressed reinforcement placed uniformly on both sides of the vertical face of the tension zone in relatively deep beams to cont
Various types of loads act on masonry lintels which are provided on wall openings. These loads must be identified & calculated for design masonry of lintels
Lithium silicate is a chemical hardener applied to the concrete surface to improve its strength, durability, longevity, and abrasive resistance. The increased strength of concrete is due to the cal
Indian Standard Codes on Reinforcement Details Below enlisted are the IS codes that is recommended for reinforcement detailing and guidance. IS:432- 1982:Â Mild steel & medium tensile steel bars
