Micropiles are deep foundation used when very limited space or headroom is available for execution with conventional pile rigs. These piles are also called as m

Design of Raft Foundations – Methods and Calculations
According to IS – 2950:1965, the design criteria of raft footings are given below:
The maximum diffe

Various methods have been developed to drive piles over water. Piles are used as a foundation for various marine structures such as wharves and jetties. These p

The suction in soil mass can be measured mainly by three methods namely Tensiometer method, Suction Plate method and Centrifuge Method. Each method is briefly e

A raft or mat foundation is a large continuous rectangular or circular concrete slab that carries the entire load of the superstructure and spreads it over the

Marston-Spangler theory for analysis of loads on sewer sanitary system pipe is established by Marston and it is applicable for most of the loading conditions th