Structural engineering

Sand bath method is a field method conducted to determine the water content of the soil. This method is fast but the result is not as accurate as the oven-dry m

Relative density is defined as the ratio of difference of void ratios of cohesionless soil in its loosest state and the natural state (emax – e) to the di

What is plastic limit of soil?
The plastic limit of a soil is the moisture content at which soil begins to behave as a plastic material. At this water content (

The shrinkage limit of soil is the water content of the soil when the water is just sufficient to fill all the pores of the soil and the soil is just saturated.

Determination of settlement of pile foundations by load test method, equipment required, procedure and reporting of results in discussed.
Equipment for Pile Set

Pile foundations are one of the type of deep foundation. These foundations transfer load deeper to the hard strata much below the ground surface. But there are

Terms and Definitions in Soil Engineering
Various definitions of terms used in Geotechnical Soil Engineering are presented.
Volumetric Relationships of Soil
1.

A crust raft foundation can be compared to a ground-bearing reinforced concrete floor slab with thickenings under the columns and walls.
Differential settlemen

Crosshole Sonic Logging (CSL) is one of the most accurate pile integrity tests to determine the integrity of deep foundation elements. CSL sends ultrasonic puls

Dewatering is the process of removing excess water from saturated soil to facilitate the excavation process and create safe working conditions.
Various dewateri